辨析2（清风拂柳老师回答）

老师请问S（主语）,V（谓语）,DO（宾语，直接宾语）,P（表语）,IO（间接宾语）,OC（宾语补足语）在表达上的用法结构，即组成。 请写一些例子，并配上一些习题。 谢谢老师以上的回答！祝老师快乐！

解题思路： 区分运用
解题过程：
一．主语表明这句话说的是谁和什么，主语主要由名词、代词或相当于名词的单词，短语或从句充当。
1. 名词作主语，这是最常见的 。
David arrived last night. 大卫昨晚到达。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄必败。
2. 代词作主语
Who is speaking, please? （在电话中）请问您是谁？ （WHO为疑问代词）
That's OK. 这没问题。
3. 数词作主语
Two will be enough. 两个就够了。
Two-thirds of the workers are women. 三分之二的工人是女工。
4. ing形式作主语
Skating is good exercise. 溜冰是很好的运动。
Looking up all the new words in the dictionary took him a lot of time.
从字典里查所有的生词花费了他许多时间。
5. 不定式作主语
To translate this ideal into reality needs hard work.
把理想转变成现实需要辛勤的劳动。
二。 谓语说明主语的动作或状态，一般由动词充当。谓语动词一般在主语之后。动词有助动词，系动词，情态动词，实意动词几种。
Some children asked for cold drinks.（ ASK为实意动词）
有些孩子要喝冷饮。
I shall go to see him tomorrow.（SHALL为助动词， GO实意动词，这 两个词为这句话的谓语 ）
明天我要去看他。
I must ask her to teach me to swim.（must 为情态动词，ASK为实意动词）
我一定得请她教我游泳。
三，宾语一般用在及物动词的后面，表示行为动词所涉及的对象。
1. 名词作宾语
Show your passport, please.
请出示护照。
2 代词作宾语
He didn't say anything.
她什么也没说。
3. 数词作宾语
How many do you want? - I want two.
你要几个？－ 我要两个。
4 名词化的形容词作宾语
They sent the injured to hospital.
他们把伤员送到医院。
5. 不定式或ing形式作宾语
The asked to see my passport.
他们要求看我的护照。
I enjoy working with you.
我和你们一道工作很愉快。
四，直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示的行为的人. 例如: They gave him a watch. 这里的him 是间接宾语, a watch 是直接宾语,类似的句子还有：
Please show me your new book．请给我看看你的新书。
She bought me some tomatoes．她给我买了一些西红柿。
此结构由主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）组成。如： He brings me cookies every day. She made me a beautiful dress. 但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人）
五，宾补
适用宾补的句型：
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补.宾补对宾语加以解释或描述。
以下成分可以充当宾补：名词，代词，形容词，副词，ing形式，ed分词，不定式，介词短语，
1. 名词作宾补
I consider him a gentleman.
2.代词作宾补
Whom do you think me? （Whom是宾补）
3.形容词作宾补
Wash your hands clean.
4.副词作宾补
I found him out.
5.-ing形式作宾补
They left me wait.
-ed分词作宾补
I heard my name called.
6.不定式作宾补
I thought him to be a good man.
7.介词短语作宾补
Make yourself at home.
七 练习
(一). 指出下列句中主语
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
② There is an old man coming here.
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
④ To do today’s homework without the teacher‘s help is very difficult。
(二) 选出句中谓语
① I don’t like the picture on the wall.
② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
③ Do you usually go to school by bus?
④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?
⑥ Tom didn’t do his homework yesterday.
(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语
① My brother hasn’t done his homework.
② People all over the world speak English.
③ How many new words did you learn last class?
⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming ,how about you?
　(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语
① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the
② He asked her to take the boy out of school.
③ She found it difficult to do the work.
④ They call me Lily sometimes.
　　
最终答案：略