帮我翻译下面这篇文章,谢谢了,如果用有道在线翻译、谷歌在线翻译等等,请绕道.

帮我翻译下面这篇文章,谢谢了,如果用有道在线翻译、谷歌在线翻译等等,请绕道.
Materials may be grouped in several ways. Scientists often classify materials by their state: solid, liquid ,or ,gas ,They also separate them into organic (once living) and inorganic (never living) materials.


For industrial purpose , materials are divided into engineering materials or non-engineering materials . Engineering materials are those used in manufacture and become parts of produces . Non-engineering materials are the chemical , fuels, lubricants, and other materials used in the manufacturing process which do not become parts of the product.


This grouping is not exact. Engineering materials may be further subdivided into : Metals. Polymers . Ceramics . A fourth type of material sometimes listed is called a composite. Materials in this group are made up of two or more materials from the engineering groups, each of the materials in a composite retains its original characteristics. Examples of composites include wood, concrete, glass reinforced polyester, and graphite polymer advanced composites.


Pure metal are seldom-used in common industrial products. Pure copper is used in electrical applications, in automotive radiator, and gaskets. Pure aluminum has applications in chemical and electrical industries. However, most metals are ( combinations of two or more elements) . There are over 25000 different iron carbon alloys and over 200 standard copper alloys including a number of brasses, bronzes and nickel silvers. Each of these alloys are identifies by a code number.


Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon with other elements added to produce specific properties.
They various types of steel can be grouped under two major headings:
Carbon steel. A steel in which the main alloying element is carbon. Carbon steels are further divided into three groups.
a. A low carbon steel. This steel has a content of less than 0.3 percent. It is the most common type and is often called mild steel. It is relatively inexpensive, ductile, soft, and is easily machined and forged. Mild steel cannot be heat-treated (hardened) . low carbon steel is a general purpose steel.
b. medium carbon steel. This steel has a carbon content between 0.30 percent an 0.8 percent. Harder and stronger than mild steel, it can be hardened by heat treating. Medium carbon steel is most commonly used for forging, castings, and machined parts for automobiles, agricultural equipment, machines, and aircraft.
C. High carbon steel. This type of steel is easily heat-treated to produce a strong, tough part. The material has a carbon content above 0.80 percent. It finds wide use in hand tools, cutting tools, springs, and piano wire.

材料可以归纳的几种方法.科学家们经常归类它们的状态：固体,液体或气体的材料,他们也将它们分开从来没有真正活有机曾经生活和无机材料.作工业用途,材料分为工程材料和非工程材料.工程材料是那些在制造中使用的,并成为部分的产生.非工程材料的化学,燃料,润滑剂,和其他材料,在制造过程中使用的,但不成为产品的部分的这种分组是不准确的.可进一步细分为：金属工程材料.聚合物.陶瓷.有时列出的第四类型的材料被称为复合材料.从工程组,在复合材料中的每一个的材料中的两种或多种材料组成的该组中的材料,保持其原有的特性.纯金属复合材料包括木材,水泥,玻璃纤维增强聚酯,先进复合材料石墨聚合物.很少使用的普通工业产品.纯铜在电气应用中使用,在汽车的散热器,和垫圈.纯铝在化学和电子行业的应用.然而,大多数金属（两种或多种元素的组合）.有超过25000个不同的铁碳合金,200多个规格的铜合金,包括一些黄铜,青铜和镍银.这些合金是确定的码数.钢是一种与其他元素铁和碳的合金,产生特定的属性.可分为两个大标题：碳钢,各类钢材.的钢,其中的主要合金元素是碳.碳钢进一步分为三组.低碳钢.这种钢具有小于0.3％的含量.它是最常见的类型,通常被称为低碳钢.它是相对便宜的,韧性的,柔软的,容易加工和伪造.低碳钢不能被加热处理（硬化）.低碳钢是一个通用的钢.中碳钢.这种钢具有0.30％0.8％之间的碳含量.困难和比低碳钢更强的,它可以通过热处理硬化.中碳钢是最常见的用于锻件,铸件,机加工零件用于汽车,农用设备,机器和飞机.C. 高碳钢.这种类型的钢热处理是很容易产生强烈的,坚韧的一部分.该材料具有高于0.80％的碳含量.它得到了广泛的使用,手动工具,刀具,弹簧和钢琴丝.