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英文名词解释 Protestantism

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英文名词解释 Protestantism
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新教,Protestantism,在文艺复兴时期的宗教改革中产生的,首倡者是马丁路德和加尔文,它的本质是革罗马天主教廷的命,提出了“《圣经》的权威高于教皇”的主张.逐渐发展出了6大教派:
(1)Lutheran Church,是宗教改革后出现的新教主要宗派之一,是对以马丁·路德的宗教思想为依据的各教会的统称.
(2)Calvinists,是以加尔文的宗教思想为依据的各教会的统称.
(3)Anglican Communion,欧洲宗教改革时期产生于英国.
(4)Wesleyans,是以该宗创始人英国约翰·卫斯理宗教思想为依据的各教会统称,于18世纪产生于英国.
(5)Congregationalists,16世纪后期产生于英国.
(6)Baptists,于17世纪初产生于英国和流亡于荷兰的英国人当中.
英文名词解释 Protestantism
Protestantism is one of the four major divisions within Christianity,together with the Eastern Orthodox Church,Catholic Church,and the Anglican Church traditions.The term 'Protestant' is most closely tied to those groups that separated from the Roman Catholic Church in the 16th century's Protestant Reformation when in 1517 Martin Luther nailed his Ninety-Five Theses on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences to the door of the All Saints' Church in Wittenberg,Germany.
The doctrines of the various Protestant denominations vary,but nearly unanimous doctrines include justification by grace through faith and not through works,the priesthood of all believers,and the Bible as the ultimate authority in matters of faith and order.In the early 21st century there were nearly 350 million Protestants in the world.[1]
The followers of Luther established the evangelical churches of Germany and Scandinavia.Reformed churches in Switzerland were established by John Calvin and more radical reformers such as Huldrych Zwingli,while John Knox established an influential Presbyterian communion as the national church in Scotland.