Your friend comes to school very upset. upset是形容词
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Your friend comes to school very upset. upset是形容词
Your friend comes to school very upset.
upset是形容词,怎么修饰动词come了?——教科书必修一
Your friend comes to school very upset.
upset是形容词,怎么修饰动词come了?——教科书必修一
![Your friend comes to school very upset. upset是形容词](/uploads/image/z/17614514-2-4.jpg?t=Your+friend+comes+to+school+very+upset.+upset%E6%98%AF%E5%BD%A2%E5%AE%B9%E8%AF%8D)
这个句子是很有名的一个句子.
1.课本的“课文注释”是:upset在此处是形容词,作补语,用来补充形容主语your friend来学校时的心情.如:
He went to bed cold and hungry.他又冷又饿地上床睡了.
Long and untidy,his hair played in the breeze.他的头发又长又乱随风飘舞着.
课本说的“补语”,应该是“主语补语”.这个说法似乎不恰当,因为英语中没有“主语补足语”这种句子成分.在复合宾语的结构中,只有句子是被动语态时,“宾语补足语”才变成“主语补足语”,例如:
Yuan Longping is called a farmer.(farmer由主动语态的“宾补”变成“主补”.)
The boys were made very happy by his funny stories.(happy由主动语态的“宾补”变成“主补”.)本句的结构与Your friend comes to school very upset.大相径庭!怎么能同日而语呢?
2.有人说,very upset是表语,之前省略了he/she is,相当于:Your friend comes to school and he/she is very upset.把一个简单句改成了并列句,失去了原来句子的简洁,而且句子意思的重心也不明确.
3.有人把句子改为:Your friend is very upset when he comes to school.(你的朋友来上学时心情很不好).仅仅从理解上看,这样似乎可以.但这一改成了主从复合句,把原来的简单句变成了时间状语从句,显然有失偏颇.Your friend comes to school very upset.这个句子所表达的主要信息是“他来上学”,而不是“心情不安”.very upset仅是附着在句子末端,对谓语动词起修饰作用.
4.国外一些语法学家如M.Ganshina,他们认为这种现象叫做“双重谓语”(double predicate).双重谓语既是动词性谓语(verbal predicate),又是名词性谓语(nominal predicate).比如在The moon rose red.(月儿红彤彤升起来)这个句子里,一方面rose是一个表意动词(notional verb),用作动词性谓语,另一方面,形容词red用来修饰主语moon,说明moon的特征.
表意动词如果起连系动词的作用,它的词汇意义通常弱化,以致最后完全变成连系动词.如:The well ran dry.(井干涸了),ran已经没有了它原来的词汇本意,而完全变成连系动词了.(注:例句系作者添加)
国外语法家认为,表意动词基本上保持原有的词汇意义,这时就构成了“双重谓语”
1.课本的“课文注释”是:upset在此处是形容词,作补语,用来补充形容主语your friend来学校时的心情.如:
He went to bed cold and hungry.他又冷又饿地上床睡了.
Long and untidy,his hair played in the breeze.他的头发又长又乱随风飘舞着.
课本说的“补语”,应该是“主语补语”.这个说法似乎不恰当,因为英语中没有“主语补足语”这种句子成分.在复合宾语的结构中,只有句子是被动语态时,“宾语补足语”才变成“主语补足语”,例如:
Yuan Longping is called a farmer.(farmer由主动语态的“宾补”变成“主补”.)
The boys were made very happy by his funny stories.(happy由主动语态的“宾补”变成“主补”.)本句的结构与Your friend comes to school very upset.大相径庭!怎么能同日而语呢?
2.有人说,very upset是表语,之前省略了he/she is,相当于:Your friend comes to school and he/she is very upset.把一个简单句改成了并列句,失去了原来句子的简洁,而且句子意思的重心也不明确.
3.有人把句子改为:Your friend is very upset when he comes to school.(你的朋友来上学时心情很不好).仅仅从理解上看,这样似乎可以.但这一改成了主从复合句,把原来的简单句变成了时间状语从句,显然有失偏颇.Your friend comes to school very upset.这个句子所表达的主要信息是“他来上学”,而不是“心情不安”.very upset仅是附着在句子末端,对谓语动词起修饰作用.
4.国外一些语法学家如M.Ganshina,他们认为这种现象叫做“双重谓语”(double predicate).双重谓语既是动词性谓语(verbal predicate),又是名词性谓语(nominal predicate).比如在The moon rose red.(月儿红彤彤升起来)这个句子里,一方面rose是一个表意动词(notional verb),用作动词性谓语,另一方面,形容词red用来修饰主语moon,说明moon的特征.
表意动词如果起连系动词的作用,它的词汇意义通常弱化,以致最后完全变成连系动词.如:The well ran dry.(井干涸了),ran已经没有了它原来的词汇本意,而完全变成连系动词了.(注:例句系作者添加)
国外语法家认为,表意动词基本上保持原有的词汇意义,这时就构成了“双重谓语”
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